Character Arrays & Strings

In C, character arrays are commonly used to represent strings. A string in C is an array of characters terminated by a null character (`'\0'`). Here's an example that demonstrates the usage of character arrays as strings:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    char str1[6] = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '\0'};
    char str2[] = "world";

    printf("str1: %s\n", str1);
    printf("str2: %s\n", str2);

    return 0;
}

In this example, we declare two character arrays str1 and str2 to represent strings.

• str1 is initialized explicitly with individual characters and a null character at the end. The size of the array is explicitly specified as 6 to accommodate the characters and the null character.
• str2 is initialized using a string literal enclosed in double quotes. In this case, the size of the array is automatically determined based on the number of characters in the string literal (including the null character).

Both str1 and str2 can be treated as strings and used with various string manipulation functions in C, such as strlen, strcpy, strcat, etc.