This repository contains an ESP32-based I²S microphone streamer for BirdNET-Go. It runs on Seeed XIAO ESP32-C6 with an ICS-43434 digital microphone and exposes a mono 16-bit PCM stream over RTSP.
- Latest version:
esp32_rtsp_mic_birdnetgo(Web UI + JSON API)
Key features (v1.2.0):
- Web UI on port 80 (English/Czech) with live status, controls and settings
- JSON API for automation/integration
- Auto-recovery when packet rate degrades; auto/manual threshold mode
- Scheduled reset (ON/OFF + hours), CPU frequency setting
- OTA update support and WiFi Manager onboarding
- Built-in high-pass filter (configurable) to cut low-frequency rumble (traffic, wind)
- RTSP keep-alive support (GET_PARAMETER)
- Web UI level meter with clipping warning and guidance (EN/CZ)
Stream URL: rtsp://<device-ip>:8554/audio (PCM L16, mono)
Screenshot (Web UI)
| Part | Qty | Notes | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32-C6 | 1 | Target board (tested) | AliExpress |
| MEMS I²S microphone ICS-43434 | 1 | Digital I²S mic used by this project | AliExpress |
| Shielded cable (6 core) | optional | Helps reduce EMI on mic runs | AliExpress |
| 220 V → 5 V power supply | 1 | ≥1 A recommended for stability | AliExpress |
| 2.4 GHz antenna (IPEX/U.FL) | optional | If your board/revision uses external antenna | AliExpress |
Sourcing note: Links are provided for convenience and may change over time. Always verify the exact part (e.g., ICS-43434) in the listing before buying.
- Open
esp32_rtsp_mic_birdnetgo/README.mdfor hardware pinout, build instructions and full API reference. - Flash the firmware for ESP32-C6 (Arduino / PlatformIO).
- On first boot the device exposes a Wi-Fi AP for onboarding (WiFi Manager).
- Access the Web UI on port 80 and the RTSP stream at
rtsp://<device-ip>:8554/audio.
- Target board: ESP32-C6 (tested with Seeed XIAO ESP32-C6).
- Other ESP32 variants may work with minor pin changes and I²S config tweaks.
- Other I²S mics (e.g., INMP441) may be possible with configuration changes, but ICS-43434 is the supported/tested reference.
- Wi-Fi stability: Aim for RSSI better than ~-75 dBm; set audio buffer ≥ 512 for smoother streaming.
- Placement: Keep the mic away from fans and vibrating surfaces; use shielded cable for longer runs.
- Defaults (v1.2.0): 48 kHz, gain 1.2, buffer 1024, shift 12, HPF ON (500 Hz), CPU 160 MHz.
- Security: The Web UI is intended for trusted LANs. Consider enabling OTA password in code and avoid exposing the device to the open internet.
- Purpose: Attenuate low-frequency noise (distant road traffic, wind buffeting, handling noise) that dominates the bottom of the spectrogram and masks bird vocalizations.
- What it is: A 2nd‑order high‑pass biquad (≈12 dB/octave) running in real time on the ESP32. Neutral when OFF. Very low CPU overhead. Default ON at 500 Hz (adjust in UI).
How to use
- Web UI → Audio: set
High-passto ON and chooseHPF Cutoff. - Recommended cutoff: 300–800 Hz depending on your site.
- 300–400 Hz: gentle cleanup, preserves ambience and low calls.
- 500–700 Hz: strong reduction of distant road rumble (good default to try).
- 800+ Hz: maximum suppression, may reduce low‑pitched species.
- API control:
- Enable/disable:
GET /api/set?key=hp_enable&value=on|off - Set cutoff (Hz):
GET /api/set?key=hp_cutoff&value=600
- Enable/disable:
Notes and tips
- Trade‑off: Higher cutoff cleans more rumble but may suppress low‑frequency birds (e.g., pigeons, woodpecker drumming). Adjust while watching the spectrogram and listening.
- Gain: With default I²S shift, a gain of 1.0× is neutral; increase carefully to avoid clipping.
- For stable streaming, good Wi-Fi RSSI (>-75 dBm) and buffer ≥512 are recommended.
- Auto-recovery restarts the audio pipeline if packet rate degrades.
- Datasheet links and alternative vendors (EU/CZ/US) in a dedicated
docs/hardware.md - Simple wiring diagram and enclosure suggestions
- Tested-hardware matrix (board + mic combos) with firmware versions